Effect of Health Workers on Policy Makers

Effect of Health Workers on Policy Makers POLITICS, LAWS AND BUDGETS The political system of a country plays a critical role with the affairs surrounding health. It is important to examine the relationship of how health problems affects policy making and how health professionals can participate in the legislative process. Not all health professionals know how policies, that influenced their practice, are made. Some of the decisions that affects healthcare professionals and their customers are made by the government or state or appointed politicians that have limited knowledge with health and who have various field of expertise resulting into some ineffective health policies. This results into increased pressure on health workers and agencies to participate in policy making. People working in the medical field have been long complaisant in just providing research results to the legislative body. However, health professionals must also play an active role in developing health policies. Health Workers and Policy Making The government’s treasury provides advice to the political leaders on the budget distribution for the different government sectors including health. These advice ranges from purchase and regulation of health services to health strategies and policies. In distributing the funds, it is vital to know which health policy should be prioritize for the benefit of the majority. The effectiveness of a health policy can be greatly influenced by staffing the legislative body with people possessing vast knowledge, skills and experience in the field of human health. In order to achieve an effective policy, health professionals must combined their scientific knowledge with actual work and strategies in policy making. This is a big responsibility for healthcare professionals as this means that they also have to developed more their skills and expertise in leadership role to be an effective policy maker. An article written by Roper (1992), states that the recently created Public Health Leader ship Institute offered by Center for Disease Control in US, is designed to enhance the leadership skills of health officers to have a wide understanding on the emerging public health issues. An example of a model for making health policies can be observed in China. Decentralisation of the national government gives the local government the power to make decisions on local affairs. This means that local government can make policies and adapt it to a higher level government. From the gathered information or data from local government the central government will have a basis for making a central policy.It also means that health sectors are involved in the policy making. Areas of Advocacy For Health Workers Advocacy is one of the most powerful tool for health workers to achieve their goals. By advocating, health workers influences the priorities and action of those people in the position or those who are in power. There are areas in which where health workers can be an advocate. Workplace Health personnels should act rather than wait for a crisis to erupt. Health workers serves as the first line of defense in terms of protecting the health of the population. And because of this, they should take part in making a policy that will benefit all and something that would lasts. Kingdon (1992) coined the term â€Å"policy entrepreneurs† to describe public health professionals. In the workplace, one of the most important attributes of a health leader is having an excellent interpersonal skill. As a healthcare leader, they can coordinate all communication/issues between health workers and policy makers. Having a good flow of communication in the workplace will help the leader to decide what information should be provided to the policy maker. Organized communication ensures that the organization speaks in one voice and the legislation have a central point of contact inside the workplace. Staff members within the company should have an understanding on the legislative process for them to know the implications of a proposal and it’s possible results in the future. An example of this is, chain of communication can also be observed inside a specific company. Those workers who belongs to the bottom level in the organisational chart are given the chance to be heard by voicing out their suggestions/concerns with regards to the existing policies and management. The gathered information from these workers, will be reported by the manager to the policy maker or those authorities concerns. In the workplace, health workers may be ask to decide more in an operational way. This involves decision with regards to the daily operation of the organisation. A series of good operational decision can lead an organisation in achieving their long term goal. Government Law (n.d.) defined government as the regulating, restraining, supervising or controlling body of society. They have the political power to exercised these rights upon the individual member of an organised society, for the good and welfare of the majority. The New Zealand government follows the Westminster model wherein it is composed of a constitutional monarchy, a sovereign parliament and the three vital branches of government. These three entities are Legislative, Executive and Judiciary. The most important duty of the legislative body is to make laws. They are the one responsible for assessing if bill can be turned into laws. The head of the executive branch is the President or the Prime Minister. The head of the executive approves and carry out the law passed by the legislative branch. The judiciary exercise the power to interpret and apply the law through the court system. Health workers can impact the way policies are made from the local government to the national government. The role of health workers is vital in sustaining and achieving progress in health sector. To fully understand how health workers can influence policy making, let us take a look on what happen in Tanzania: Cokelet (2009), detailed how a person became an advocate in decreasing the case of violence against women in Tanzania despite of the obstacles. The high rate of violence in this country is directly related to their culture which seems to view this practice as an acceptable issue. Kivulini of Women’s Rights Organization aimed in reducing gender-based violence by mobilising the community to change the norms and the policy in their society. Before starting her advocacy, she needed to have first an understanding about the obstacles addressing the issue of violence by consulting a study done by the World Health Organisation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. She used the result of the study to serves as a basis of collecting more specific and realistic information. They collect information from women about how well they know the available resources or the policies by the local government to help them with their situation. They found out that local leaders lack the kno wledge, training and resources to help those abused women. By the result of the study Kivulini developed a model of training and care and now advocating this model with the Prime Minister of Tanzania and local government officials. Kivulini started the advocacy in the community/local government and their model also affects the national level. Tanzania increased the funds for the training and increasing resources to tackle the issue of violence. Professionals Organizations Health workers must be involved in policy process that will affect them in personal and professional level. This involves having knowledge on the existing laws and regulations that regulates their profession. References Cokelet, E. (2009). Advocacy to Improve Global Health: Strategies and Stories from the Field. PATH p.2 Kingdon, J.W. (1992): Agendas, alternatives and public policy. Little Brown and Company, Boston. Law,(n.d.):What is government? Retrieved from hhtp://thelawdictionary.org Roper, W.L. (1992): Strengthening the public health system. Public Health Reports 107: 609-615.

Peace Cultures in Action Today Essay

In â€Å"Peace Cultures in Action Today†, the author argues that some small isolated societies manage to create a culture of peace that often ends or is severely modified when they begin interacting with outside cultures. The argument then is that the greater society of the world is less peaceful than these small isolated societies. This theory warrants further study, especially in the area of how these societies react when confronted with societies that do not have the same values. For example, when the Zuni and Inuit are confronted by the larger populace of the United States, do they become more competitive? The interesting question here then is, â€Å"Is competititiveness and aggression a learned behavior? † In the piece, â€Å"To Construct Peace† , Elise and Kenneth Boulding too argue that peaceable existence is a learned behavior and that it can be taught. Elise was nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize for this theory, but it does not seem particularly sound. Even their own pacifist leanings led to conflict. Though the conflict was in the court systems over the right to become a citizen without an oath to bear arms for the country and a battle over their refusal to sign anti-Communist statements during the McCarthy era, it was still a conflict based on their moral standing. Therefore, it is safe to believe that even in people who believe in and are taught to live in peace, conflict may be inevitable when dealing with the real world. Later the same peace cites Thomas Merton and his poetry and meditations against war and his disappointment that the church could support a â€Å"just war† theory. This again is an interesting position that requires more exploration. Should society allow tragic events to continue because of a belief in peace or should war become a tool of peace? The moral and social ambiguities are clear. If a person is being oppressed and his pacificits nature is being used to subjugate or eradicate him, isn’t there some point at which man must fight for his own survival? This is the point that all of the essayists seem to miss. Peace for peace’s sake is a good thing and being taught to attempt peaceful coexistence before immediately turning to aggressive behaviors may be appropriate. However, if the species is to survive, at some point base instincts overcome learning and the fight for survival becomes more powerful that the desire for peace.

Romantic Love as a Basis for Marriage

Romantic Love as a Basis for Marriage There are different reasons why people get married. If the marriage is between young people, they may want to get free from their parents and show that they are adult. If you are older than thirty, you may want to get married to ease loneliness or because all your friends are already married. At any age one can want to marry another person for money or for immigration purposes. But all of these reasons are not right, to my mind, as they lack the most important constituent – love. Living together with another person is not always easy, especially if you are used to living alone or in your own room with your private space. But as soon as you get married, there appears another person in your private space, who is always around you with his/her own habits and way of living, which may not always be the same as yours. And it is hard, even if you prepare yourself for it by thinking over your behavior and actions in some specific situations. If you are not in love with the person you get married to, you won’t be able to put up with those different habits and traits of character. Sooner or later, you will give up and realize what a huge mistake you’ve made. If you are in love – it is also not very easy to put up with another person’s way of life as well, but only in the beginning. After some time, you will get used to each other and will not be able to live apart. And at those initial stages it is love that makes you forgive all the minor and even serious faults and doesn’t let you split up. The only presence of your beloved person brings smile to your face and makes you forget about all the unpleasant moments. You are thankful for everything that is happening between you two. Of course, it is necessary to test your love with time and get sure that your feeling is true and will not fade away ever. I believe that love is what we exist for and marriage without it is doomed to failure. It is better to wait for your love longer, than to get married to the person whom you don’t love and regret this till the end of your life.

Difference Between Bumblebees and Carpenter Bees

Both bumblebees and carpenter bees frequent flowers for nectar, and both kinds of bees become active as soon as the weather starts to warm up in the spring. Because both bumblebees and carpenter bees are large and share similar markings, its easy to mistake one bee for the other.   All Bees Are Useful Both bumblebees and carpenter bees are beneficial insects, native pollinators that are vital to a healthy ecosystem. But occasionally, they nest in places that are a little too close for comfort, and you might be considering taking steps to control or eliminate them. Before you attempt any pest control measures, you need to identify the problem insect correctly and understand its life cycle and natural history. Although they look alike and inhabit the same areas, bumblebees and carpenter bees have very different habits. Bumblebee Characteristics Bumblebees  (genus Bombus) are social insects, like honeybees. They live in colonies and almost always nest in the ground, often in abandoned rodent burrows. The bumblebee queen survives the winter alone and rears her first brood in early spring to establish a new colony. Although generally not aggressive, bumblebees will protect their nest if threatened, so a nest in a high foot traffic area of the yard might be a safety concern. Carpenter Bee Characteristics Large carpenter bees (genus Xylocopa) are solitary insects (although a few species are considered semi-social). Female carpenter bees excavate nests in wood, using their strong jaws to chew holes into decks, porches, and other wood structures. Theyre unlikely to sting unless provoked. Male carpenter bees are quite territorial and will attempt to defend their turf by flying directly at you and buzzing loudly. Males cant sting, so dont let this behavior frighten you. So, Whats the Difference? So how do you tell the difference between a bumblebee and a carpenter bee? The easiest way to differentiate them is to look at the bees abdomen. Bumblebees have hairy abdomens. A carpenter bees abdomen is mostly bald, and will look smooth and shiny. Bumblebee Carpenter Bee Abdomen Hairy Mostly bald, shiny, black Nest In the ground Tunnel into wood Pollen Baskets Yes No Community Social Solitary, some species semi-social Genus Bombus Xylocopa Sources Attracting Native Pollinators: Protecting North Americas Bees and Butterflies, Xerces Society Guide.Carpenter Bees, by Mike Potter, Extension Entomologist. University of Kentucky Entomology Department website. Accessed online May 22, 2015